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cooking plantain : ウィキペディア英語版
cooking plantain

A plantain, or cooking plantain, (,〔 ,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Plantains: John Well's phonetic blog )〕 ) is one of the less sweet cultivated varieties (cultivars) of the genus ''Musa'' whose fruit is also known as the banana. Plantains are typically eaten cooked, sometimes along with their leaves and fibers, and are usually large, angular and starchy, in contrast to common or "dessert" bananas, which are typically eaten raw and without the peel, usually being smaller, more rounded and sugary; however, there is no formal scientific distinction between plantains and bananas.
In some countries, there may appear to be a clear distinction between cooking plantains and dessert bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used there. A subgroup of plantain cultivars may be distinguished as "true" plantains.
All modern plantain cultivars have three sets of chromosomes (i.e. they are triploid). Many are hybrids derived from the cross of two wild species, ''Musa acuminata'' and ''Musa balbisiana''. The currently accepted scientific name for all such crosses is ''Musa'' × ''paradisiaca''. Using Simmonds and Shepherds' (1955) genome-based nomenclature system,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Musa paradisiaca )〕 cultivars which are used cooked often belong to the AAB Group, although some, like the East African Highland bananas, belong to the AAA Group, and others, such as Saba bananas, belong to the ABB Group.
All members of the genus ''Musa'' are indigenous to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia and Oceania, including the Malay Archipelago (modern Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and the Philippines) and Northern Australia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Musa species (banana and plantain) )〕 Africa is considered a secondary centre of diversity of ''Musa'' cultivars: West Africa for plantains and the central highlands for East African Highland bananas (''Musa'' AAA-EAHB, also known as ''matooke'' or ''matoke'' in Uganda), most of which are cooked although some are primarily used to produce beer.
Plantains are a major food staple in West and Central Africa (Cameroon and DR Congo), Central America, the Caribbean islands and northern, coastal parts of South America (Colombia, Venezuela, etc.). Their attractiveness as food is that they fruit all year round, making them a reliable all-season staple food.
==Description==

Plantains contain more starch and less sugar than dessert bananas and are therefore usually cooked or otherwise processed before being eaten. They are always cooked or fried when eaten green. At this stage, the pulp is hard and the peel often so stiff that it has to be cut with a knife to be removed. Mature plantains can be peeled like typical dessert bananas; the pulp is softer than in immature, green fruit and some of the starch has been converted to sugar. They can be eaten raw, but are not as flavorful in that state as dessert bananas, so are usually cooked. When mature, yellow plantains are fried, they tend to caramelize, turning a golden-brown color. They can also be boiled, baked, microwaved or grilled over charcoal, peeled or still in the peel.
An average plantain has about 220 calories and is a good source of potassium and dietary fiber.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chiquitabananas.com/Banana-Information/type-plantains-bananas.aspx )
Plantains are a staple food in the tropical regions of the world, the tenth most important staple that feeds the world. Plantains are treated in much the same way as potatoes and with a similar neutral flavour and texture when the unripe fruit is cooked by steaming, boiling or frying.
Plantains fruit all year round, which makes the crop a reliable all-season staple food, particularly in developing countries with inadequate food storage, preservation and transportation technologies. In Africa, plantains and bananas provide more than 25 percent of the carbohydrate requirements for over 70 million people. The plant however does not stand high winds well, and plantain plantations are therefore liable to destruction by hurricanes.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「cooking plantain」の詳細全文を読む



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